Dhs Us History Ii

Over the course of the Civil Rights movement there were many events that lead to the eventual improvement of civil rights. However, one event that is seen as a breaking point for the movement were the “Freedom Rides” that took place on May 4th 1964. The plan was for the group to leave Washington D.C. on a Greyhound bus set to arrive in New Orleans, Louisiana so that they could show supports for the Brown v. Board of Education trial that was currently taking place. These rides were a way to show the world what kind of discrimination that African American and many different races had to endure as they were attempting to go through their typical day. These rides were an attempt to create improvement in how different races were treated. One of the desired effects of these rides was to draw attention to the violations of the Supreme Court ruling that had been set earlier. They did these rides in a public fashion so that they would be able to generate attention within media outlets and hopefully create friction be

Sam Katz Mael P.3 US History II May 2, 2017 Background on the March on Washington; The March On Washington was a giant gathered march to help protest for civil rights for African Americans. The leaders of the civil rights movement and also religious groups organized the march. More than 200.000 Americans were apart of the March on Washington D.C. This march was a huge eye opener to American citizens about the social and political damage that America was inflicting on the African American culture. This march also led to one of the most famous American speeches of all time, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. The I Have A Dream Speech, is something that will forever be famous in American history, however what many people don’t know is that Martin Luther King Jr. was given the worst speech time slot. He delivered the final speech and it was assumed that most reporters would be gone at that point and that not many people would ever even hear the speech. Surprisingly many people heard the beautifully spoken MLK

August 6, 1965: Voting Rights Act by DHS US History II

MLK assassination by DHS US History II

June 28, 1969 -- The Stonewall Inn Riots by DHS US History II

Luke Bernier Mr. Mael 4/30/17 U.S. History II How the Civil Rights Address Movement Affected Civil Rights The Civil Rights Address was a speech given by John F. Kennedy, following the famous stand at the schoolhouse door. During the stand at the schoolhouse door, Governor George Wallace of Alabama stood in the doorway of the University of Alabama in an attempt to block two African American students from entering the school. To get the students in the school, the national guard was required. In response to this event, JFK created a speech that would go down in history as one of the best presidential speeches of all time. Traditionally, JFK had not expressed concern or acknowledged the civil rights movement, as, while he believed in their cause, he could do nothing for the movement. According to the New York Times, “The president had been routinely criticized by black leaders for being timid on civil rights, and no one knew just what to expect when the cameras started filming.” Despite the speculat

During 1961 and 1964, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) had led a voting registration campaign in Selma, the seat of Dallas County, Alabama, a small town with a record of consistent resistance to black voting. Resistance from law enforcement cramped SNCC’s efforts. Local civil rights activists allured Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to turn Selma’s obstinacy to black voting into a national concern. SCLC also wanted to use the momentum of the 1964 Civil Rights Act to achieve federal protection for a voting rights statute. Over the course of January and February of 1965, King and the SCLC led many demonstrations to the Dallas County Courthouse in Selma. On February 17, during one of these demonstrations, an Alabama state trooper shot protester Jimmy Lee Jackson, fatally wounding him. A protest march from Selma to Montgomery was scheduled for the beginning of March in response to his killing. Six hundred protestors gathered in Selma on Sunday, M

In the 1960s, Birmingham, Alabama was one of the most racially segregated cities in the United States. By 1963, Birmingham had earned the nickname “Bombingham” because homemade bombs set of in homes and churches were so common. KKK members would call in bomb threats to black churches to interrupt services and civil rights meetings. Birmingham hosted one of the largest and strongest chapters of the KKK. Because of the severe segregation and violent attitude toward African Americans, civil rights activists used this city as a target for their campaigns. Martin Luther King Jr. was arrested in Birmingham in the spring of 1963 and wrote his famous “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” which was published with images of police brutality, which helped gather support for the civil rights movement. The 16th Street Baptist Church was a significant church for many African Americans in Birmingham and many civil rights marches took place on its steps and many civil rights meetings took place within its walls. On the morning of

Malcolm X who was born in Omaha, Nebraska on May 19th 1925 from his mother Louise Norton Little and his father Earl Little. He was one of 8 children and grew up in a very proactive household. His father, Earl who was a baptist minister was very outspoken and was a large supporter of the Black Nationalist leader Marcus Garvey. Being outspoken came with its consequences, his father would receive death threats from a white supremacist organization Black Legion. They were forced to move to avoid the threats but less than a year later their house was burned, and two years later he was found dead. It was presumed an accident and after his death his mother became insane and had to go to a mental institution in which all the kids went to foster care. As Malcolm grew up he bounced from home to home and eventually in 1946 he was arrested for burglary. During his time in prison he reflected on his life and his brother would visit him, he introduced him to Nation of Islam. He then took very close following of the leade

The Black Panther Party was created in 1966, in Oakland, California. It was established in California but it spread throughout the US including many different cities in the following years, a few of them being: Boston, Chicago, and New York. The founders of this party were Huey P. Newton and Bobby Steale, and they made it clear of their goals and the needs of this party. They did this by creating a ten point program, which consisted of many different things that involve equal rights for all. “We want freedom. We want power to determine the destiny of our Black Community. We want full employment for our people. We want decent housing, fit for shelter of human beings.We want education for our people that exposes the true nature of this decadent American society. We want all Black men to be exempt from military service. We want an immediate end to POLICE BRUTALITY and MURDER of Black people. We want all Black people when brought to trial to be tried in court by a jury of their peer group or people from their

In 1964 the number of registered African American voters had been gradually increasing. In most Southern States, about 50-70% of African American citizens were registered to vote on average. However, this number was drastically lower in Mississippi. Unfortunately, less than 7% of African Americans were registered to vote. This means that over 93% could not vote in any elections. This was due to the fact that registering to vote was an extremely discouraging process for African Americans within the state. Those who would register a black voter would be all-white, and most likely be judging the person attempting to register, and would be trying to make it extremely difficult to register. Civil rights activists were aware of this and had been attempting to change it, but their previous efforts were not doing much to change the numbers. Several groups had started to get frustrated with the fact that not much was changing. Groups such as the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, the National Association for

July 2, 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into law Background: The Civil Rights Act of 1964, simply put, declared that all men are equal in the workforce as well as in public. It applied to all genders, races, religions, and nationality. It proved to very beneficial as is it managed to give equal voting rights to all. Before the Act was passed, people fought beyond belief for equal rights. Many momentous events were slowly, but surely leading up to it, and it was only a matter of time before someone did something about it. Starting ten years prior, in 1954, the Brown V. Board of Education court case was the first big step towards public equality. The Case ruled that the Plessy V. Ferguson stance, “separate but equal,” was unconstitutional in schools. It showed that the people were starting to care more equal rights, and they were starting with the schools. Many “small,” but still immensely important events followed the case, including Rosa Parks’ arrest, and the Freedom

On August 11, 1965, an African-American was pulled over for allegedly drunk driving in a predominantly black neighborhood in Los Angeles. The man behind the wheel was Marquette Frye and was arrested by two white police officers for reckless driving. The situation escalated when Frye’s mother arrived at the scene of the arrest and a crowd of spectators gathered at the corner of the street. Premeditated distrust for the police force and acts of physical aggression led the witnesses to believe that this arrest was yet another incident of racially motivated police brutality. A dangerous and violent six days followed, as the community rioted together against police racism and unwarranted brutality. The riots resulted in 34 deaths and over 40 million dollars in property damage; it was the city’s worst unrest until the infamous Rodney King riots in 1992. Leading up to societal revolt, Los Angeles racially prohibited minorities from renting or buying property in certain areas and ethnically divided the city. This ca

Civil Rights movements were being sparked all over the place in the 1960s due to gross injustices against the African American population. Brave people from black communities were sick of the treatment and started to protest and speak out. Their courage gave effective attention to the cause. Ironically though some of the most impactful moments were created by those seeking to prevent equal rights. A man by the name of George Wallace was among a group that would do anything to keep the United States segregated even as lawfully it moved towards becoming more desegregated. His position as the governor of Alabama helped the issue reach high government level. He sought to take down a race, that his protest only helped raise awareness for. George Wallace was elected governor of Alabama in 1963. A scary reality for African Americans seeing as he led his campaign off the message of "segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever." He was an extreme segregationist who had the power to make his opinions r

The Beginning of the Movement: During the 1960s, southern states were still mostly segregated and it was not a strange thing. Southern states did not enact the desegregation laws as quickly as the other states did. This was not fair for the African American people and they took action, a non-violent course of action. In 1960, four students from a local college decided that enough was enough. They decided to show the white people of the area that things were still segregated and that it should be changed. They decided to target a local business, Woolworth’s in downtown Greensboro. The four of them, Ezell Blair Jr., David Richmond, Franklin McCain and Joseph McNeil, sat at the segregated counter at this diner. The waiters, waitresses, and managers refused to take their orders and serve them. As a result of this, these students did not get up until closing time and came back at opening the next morning. They returned the next day and brought more of their friends from the college. They filled the entire co

The Birmingham Campaign: During the early 1960s, segregation was at an all time high in the south, especially in Alabama. Times were very difficult for African Americans as they were seen as the inferior race. They were segregated from restaurants, bathrooms, water fountains and they had specific neighborhoods to live in. Furthermore, African American students were forced to attend different schools which were often not as good. Blacks were forbidden to be seen with whites. Birmingham Alabama was a city known for the extreme racism. The KKK dominated this city and years before, this group castrated an African American, forced a library to remove a book because it contained a black and white rabbit together and sought to end black music on radios. Martin Luther King Jr. said that Birmingham was “the worst big city in race relations in the United States.” The African Americans had enough with the extremities the whites were doing, so they sought change. The Birmingham Campaign was a movement in 1963 that work

In the early 1920s women began to have a safe place outside the home. They were given more rights, not abused in the workplace, and were able to express themselves more freely. They stood up for what was right and in August of 1920 the 19th amendment was ratified; they were granted the right to vote. With this came responsibility, respect and much more freedom than they previously had. Also, the Miss America Organization started what is now a household name, the Miss America Pageant. It started as a way for the Atlantic City Boardwalk to hold tourism past Labor Day. It attracted many, from women wanting to participate in it, to people of all ages coming to watch. This Pageant was a product of its time, due to the previous decades of transformation for women in society. For many it was a time of expansion in social, political, and cultural activities for women. Not only did women in the workplace grow by 25%, but they began to express themselves more freely. They stopped following the Victorian norms that

Martin Luther King held a peaceful, nonviolent protest in Birmingham, Alabama in 1963. It is commonly referred to as the Birmingham movement. Because of King’s harmonious approach to the issue, he gained supporters for it quickly, and, although peaceful, his protests posed a high risk for its volunteers. Previous to the Birmingham movement, hundreds were arrested for participating in stand-ins. A temporary anti-protest injunction was passed by the Supreme Court on April 10th, 1963, at regard of officials of Birmingham’s request. It required petitioners to acquire a permit in order to hold mass events on the streets. Most people felt as if the injunction attacked their basic rights. It was discriminatory and it restricted freedom of speech without reason. The law was unjust and unconstitutional. The majority of protesters intended to violate the law and hold parades without permits. Despite the danger of leading a protest, King felt that it was necessary to take a faithful leap. He led one thousand african ame

“The Feminine Mystique” – February 19, 1963 Background Before the early 1960s, women’s purpose was to take care of their families at home and have children. Many women did follow this way of life, whether it meant cooking homemade meals for their husbands while they were at work or cleaning the house. Although they could attend school, it was harder for girls than boys if they wished to be successful in a high paying job after they finished school. Even if they did get a job, women earned far less wages than men. The more time went on, the more women accepted their role as being the housewife at home. However, nearing the early 1960s, many women became active in fighting for equal rights. Women had to gain support before any hope of being listened to, since they did not have high political power. To accomplish this, many women advocated their views on the unjust rights between men and women through articles. Some of these journalists advocated for their rights in newspapers, such as Gloria Steinem

April 15, 1947, Jackie Robinson makes MLB debut Background: Major League Baseball had been segregated since the late 1800s, even though many teams played in cities that were generally regarded as progressive like New York, Philadelphia, and Boston. Some of the most talented players in the history of the game like Satchel Paige and Josh Gibson were relegated to the Negro League, which was extremely popular among the African American community but was generally ignored by the majority of white baseball fans. In 1945 Branch Rickey, general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers changed the status quo by signing Jackie Robinson, a Negro League star, to a minor league deal. Robinson was a gifted athlete, lettering in four sports at UCLA: football, basketball, baseball, and track. After a year with the Montreal Royals (where he led the minor leagues in batting average), the shortstop was slated to make his debut at Ebbets Field against the Boston Braves on Opening Day, April 15, 1947. The Rookie Season: Robinson m