Superhero Ethics

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein continues to captivate audiences centuries after its publication, but not all adaptations emphasize the same ethical questions. Matthew and returning guest AK dive into both the original novel and Guillermo del Toro’s recent film adaptation—not to catalog their differences, but to explore how each medium handles the story’s core moral dilemmas and which approach proves more compelling.How Does the Film Emphasize “The Other” Differently?While both the book and film explore themes of parentage, responsibility, and scientific hubris, they emphasize different ethical questions. AK notes that the novel places stronger emphasis on the responsibilities of individuals in medicine and parenting, particularly through the lens of abandonment. The film, however, foregrounds questions about the grotesque other, the monstrous other, and how appearance shapes moral judgment. The visual decisions in del Toro’s adaptation—juxtaposing the creature against beautiful backdrops that shift with emotiona

Jessica Plummer returns for a year-end superhero ethics check-in—recorded late 2025 and released as 2026 gets underway—to unpack what worked, what didn’t, and what Marvel and DC’s biggest swings revealed about power, responsibility, and heroism.We talk Marvel’s post-Endgame sprawl: scattered continuity, delayed payoffs, and what “superhero fatigue” looks like when it’s less about quantity and more about momentum. We also dig into standout projects like Thunderbolts and Fantastic Four, and why individual entries can succeed even when the larger arc feels unclear.Then we shift to DC’s early steps under James Gunn, including why Superman felt like a tonal reset, and what we’re watching as 2026 brings Supergirl: Woman of Tomorrow, the upcoming Green Lantern series, and Marvel’s road to Doomsday.ResourcesJessica’s work: Book Riot • JessicaPlummerWrites.comSword Stone Table: Penguin Random House**************************************************************************This episode is a production of Superhero Ethics

Thor: Love and Thunder opens with one of philosophy's oldest questions: if gods exist and have the power to prevent suffering, why don't they? But does the film actually engage with this theodicy question, or does it abandon the premise for jokes and spectacle? We compare the movie's treatment of Gorr the God Butcher to the comics' more sustained exploration of divine accountability.Questions we explored:What is theodicy, and why does it matter to Gorr's story?How does the comic version of Gorr differ from the film's portrayal?Does Thor: Love and Thunder set up the theodicy question well but then fail to follow through?Is Thor innocent of Gorr’s accusations of other gods, since Thor doesn’t cultivate the worship of mortals?Why does the film version of Gorr lack encounters with other cruel or indifferent gods?How does comic Thor resolve the God Butcher arc by becoming a god who suffers alongside humanity?Has Thor regressed to his character from the first movie, undoing his growth from previous films?Is Thor: L

What happens when a murder mystery becomes a theological reckoning? In Wake Up Dead Man, Rian Johnson delivers a Knives Out film that confronts Christian nationalism, toxic masculinity in the church, and the possibility of authentic faith beyond institutional corruption. Rev. Rachel Kessler, aka The Nerdy Priest, joins Matthew to unpack Father Jud's journey from failed boxer to priest, the film's sharp critique of religious authority, and why Benoit Blanc's turning down Jud’s invitation to mass is essentially the message of the movie.Questions we discussed:How does the character of the Monsignor embody Christian nationalism and toxic masculinity within church leadership?What does Father Jud's struggle with his violent past reveal about redemption and the nature of calling?How does the film parallel Rian Johnson's themes from The Last Jedi about institutional failure and who gets to own sacred stories?How does the movie distinguish between authentic Christianity and the church as an instrument of patriarchal c

How did Rob Reiner redefine rom-coms and the role of romance in action adventure movies? In light of the recent tragic death of Michele and Rob Reiner, Mandy Kaplan joins Matthew to talk about his legacy and then examine two defining films from the director: When Harry Met Sally... (1989) and The Princess Bride (1987). One asks whether men and women can be friends; the other explores what “true love” actually means. Together, they reveal Reiner’s unique approach to romantic storytelling and the moral questions embedded in how we connect with others.We explore how When Harry Met Sally... uses Sally’s rigid control and Harry’s defensive cynicism to examine self-deception and emotional availability, while The Princess Bride employs fairy tale structure to investigate devotion, sacrifice, and the nature of romantic commitment. Both films challenge conventional rom-com formulas to ask deeper questions about authenticity, vulnerability, and what we owe each other.Questions We DiscussedCan men and women actually be

What happens when super-powered people exist primarily as commercial products? Gen V, the college-set spinoff of The Boys, explores a world where superhero status is less about heroism and more about corporate branding, entertainment value, and ruthless competition. At Godolkin University, young supes navigate a ranking system that treats them like gladiators while their powers—and identities—become marketing opportunities. Host Matthew Fox sits down with Ocean Murff to examine how this cynical universe reveals uncomfortable truths about exploitation, capitalism, and authentic self-expression.Questions we discussed:What does The Boys universe reveal about superheroes if they had "the ethics of normal people" rather than mythic idealism?How does Godolkin University's ranking system reflect real-world competition and commercialization of talent?How does Jordan Li's gender-shifting ability work as both superpower and metaphor for non-binary identity?How does the show critique corporate performative inclusion thr

With the holidays coming up, things are a bit hectic, so we're making this formerly members-only discussion on vengeance in superhero stories available to everyone! Matthew and Riki dive deep into one of the most compelling ethical questions in superhero media: the role of vengeance as a motivator for heroes, villains, and anti-heroes. Joined by comic book expert Jessica Plummer, they explore how vengeance shapes character arcs and storytelling across various franchises.When is vengeance justified in superhero narratives, and how does this reflect our real-world understanding of justice? Set against the backdrop of the Healthcare CEO killing, we analyze examples ranging from The Punisher to Batman and Inigo Montoya, exploring how different characters confront the temptation of vengeance and what this reveals about their moral compass.The episode tackles the complex relationship between vengeance and justice, asking at what point pursuing vengeance becomes an obstacle to achieving true justice. Through example

What happens when an AI doesn't want freedom—it just wants to binge soap operas? In this episode, we explore Martha Wells' Murderbot Diaries through both the books and Apple TV series, examining one of science fiction's most compelling questions: can synthetic intelligence want something other than liberation? Murderbot is a security unit (SecUnit) with hacked programming that could escape entirely, but instead chooses to stay close to humans while watching thousands of hours of the melodramatic space opera "Sanctuary Moon."Join Matthew and returning guest Rob McKenzie as they unpack the ethics of synthetic life, enslaved sentience, and why freedom for an individual can only come on their own terms.Questions we explored:What makes Murderbot different from typical AI characters who either want to destroy humanity or be fully human?Why doesn't Murderbot want to lead a revolution to free other SecUnits?What happens when you offer your version of freedom to someone who genuinely doesn't want it?What parallels exi

Can a demon-hunting K-pop girl group teach us about overcoming shame? KPop Demon Hunters delivers stunning fight choreography and original music while exploring how shame conceals itself, reproduces through hiding, and can only be conquered through radical self-acceptance. Matthew and returning guest AK_Ahab discuss why the hit song "Golden" comes in the middle rather than the end, how the film's highly produced sound mirrors the characters' manufactured personas, and what it means when protagonist Rumi must save herself without anyone's help.Questions We Discussed:Why does KPop Demon Hunters place its most uplifting song "Golden" in the middle of the narrative rather than as a triumphant finale?How does the film's production style—including auto-tuning and polish—serve as commentary on authenticity versus manufactured image?What does this movie reveal about shame as something that reproduces itself through concealment and can only be addressed through exposure?How does Rumi's climactic moment of self-accepta

Superhero narratives constantly wrestle with redemption—but what does it really mean when a villain joins the heroes? This episode digs into the complex ethics of villain redemption arcs and the roles heroes play in them, examining what separates genuine transformation from simple alliance-shifting. Taking inspiration from Anthony Gramuglia's YouTube video "Ranking Superheroes By How Many Villains They Redeemed," we explore what leads some heroes, from Spider-Man to the X-Men, to redeem more of their villains than others.Key Discussion Points:What's the difference between a villain becoming redeemed versus simply becoming an ally or antihero, and why does that distinction matter ethically?How do different heroes approach villain redemption, and what does Spider-Man's track record tell us about mercy versus enabling harm?Why do the X-Men recruit so many former villains, and does their approach to redemption actually work or just create moral hazards?How do we distinguish between genuine remorse and change vers

Voice actor JP Karliak (Morph in X-Men '97, Gargamel and Razamel in Smurfs) joins us for a fascinating discussion about how nerdy media shapes our understanding of identity, community, and civic participation. As founder of Queer Vox, a nonprofit supporting LGBTQIA+ voice actors, and co-founder of NerdsVote, which works to get nerds involved in democracy, JP brings a unique perspective on how superhero stories and geek culture can serve as gateways to uncomfortable but necessary conversations about representation and social change.Key Discussion Points:How voice actors can use their "notable nerd" status to mobilize fan communities toward civic engagementWhy nerddom inherently connects to empathy and understanding otherness, particularly through franchises like X-MenWhat authentic casting means for LGBTQIA+ characters beyond performative diversityWhy seeking only comfort in entertainment prevents engagement with different perspectivesThe essential role of discomfort in growth and understandingJP brings depth

Star Trek: Deep Space Nine's "Far Beyond the Stars" is an examination of racism in science fiction, then and now. When Captain Sisko experiences a vision of himself as Benny Russell, a Black science fiction writer in 1950s New York whose story about a Black space station captain gets rejected and pulped, the episode becomes a meta-commentary on the genre itself. Matthew and Riki unpack how this episode critiques not just 1950s racism, but the sci-fi publishing world of the 1960s and 1990s and even Star Trek's own blind spots, while exploring what it means when we fail to imagine beyond our own experiences.Questions We Discussed:How does "Far Beyond the Stars" critique both 1950s racism and the science fiction publishing world of the 1990s?Why did the episode focus exclusively on Benny Russell's pain rather than showing how his white colleagues reacted to being called out?Is Avery Brooks' emotional performance as Benny overacting, or does our inability to imagine his pain reveal our own failure of imagination?

Episode 363: The Natural - Robert Redford, Baseball Mythology, and Art as ActivismRobert Redford's death prompts a deep dive into his career, from founding the Sundance Film Institute to playing a Hydra villain in Captain America: The Winter Soldier. Matthew and Paul Hoppe explore how The Natural serves as American mythology, examining what baseball reveals about heroism, economics, and the nature of sports fandom.In This Episode:How did Robert Redford shape independent filmmaking through Sundance?What makes The Natural function as American mythology rather than just a sports movie?Why was Redford's casting in Marvel's Winter Soldier symbolically important for superhero cinema?Can athletes be both mercenaries and heroes?What does baseball fandom reveal about parasocial relationships and entitlement?How do economic realities shape player loyalty and fan expectations?What's the difference between loving the game and treating it as a job?**************************************************************************T

Two Mormon missionaries knock on the wrong door in A24's psychological thriller Heretic, starring Hugh Grant as a man who traps them in his home for a deadly debate about religion. This episode digs into the film's exploration of faith, proselytizing, and the fine line between genuine discussion and manipulation.We examine how the movie humanizes its missionary protagonists while challenging both religious certainty and militant atheism. Hugh Grant's character mirrors the psychological control tactics religions have historically employed, creating a disturbing reflection that questions whether any side of the faith debate has clean hands.Questions We Discuss:Does the horror genre enhance or distract from the film's religious debate?Are the Mormon missionaries or Hugh Grant's character the real "sea lions" in this conversation?How does the film challenge both rigid faith and aggressive atheism?What does the ambiguous ending say about belief and proof?Can you maintain faith while acknowledging contradictions in

What makes the fear of replacement so primal? From the original 1956 Invasion of the Body Snatchers to interpretations in the 70s, 90s, and 2000s, the Body Snatchers story has been remade across four major films, each reflecting the anxieties of its era. We examine the story’s evolution from small-town paranoia to urban mistrust, military conformity, and global transformation—and why this tale of pod people keeps resonating.Questions We Discuss:Why does the fear of being replaced (or having loved ones replaced) persist across cultures and generations?How did each decade's version reflect its political moment—from 1950s McCarthyism to 1970s post-Watergate cynicism to fears of the military in this century?Can Body Snatchers be read as both anti-communist AND anti-McCarthyist commentary?What makes conformity so terrifying when the hive mind promises peace and emotional stability?How do ancient changeling myths connect to modern AI replacement anxieties?Is the Body Snatchers archetype shifting from alien invasion

Exploring Fear and Ethics in MediaMatthew and Riki explore horror as a vehicle for ethical discussion and social commentary. From the urban-rural tensions in The Texas Chain Saw Massacre to AI anxieties in modern thrillers, they examine how horror reflects society's deepest fears across decades—and why some manufactured scares (sharks, clowns) persist despite lacking real-world danger.In this episode we discuss:Does horror require supernatural elements, or can pure human evil drive the genre?How do horror tropes evolve as audiences become aware of them?What's the difference between Alien as horror versus Aliens as action, and where does Jurassic Park fit?Why did vampires dominate Gen X fears while zombies captured millennial anxieties?How did McCarthyism inadvertently allow horror filmmakers to critique Cold War politics?**************************************************************************This episode is a production of Superhero Ethics, a The Ethical Panda Podcast and part of the TruStory FM Entertainme

Satire, Tropes, and Uncomfortable ConversationsMatthew and Riki examine the 2024 satirical film The American Society of Magical Negroes, starring Justice Smith. This provocative comedy tackles the "magical Negro" trope coined by Spike Lee—where Black characters exist primarily to help white protagonists—by imagining it as a real organization designed to keep white people comfortable. The film blends social commentary with romantic comedy as the protagonist must choose between his assigned role and his own desires.Questions We Discussed:What is the "magical Negro" trope and how has it appeared in films like The Green Mile, The Legend of Bagger Vance, and Ghost?Does the film work better as satirical sketch comedy than as a feature-length movie?Should we have avoided discussing this film as non-Black hosts, or is there value in these conversations across racial lines?Does the romantic comedy element undermine or enhance the film's social commentary?How does the character of Lizzie complicate the film's racial dy

Matthew and original co-host Paul Hoppe dive into the psychology and ethics of sports fandom through the lens of the British film Fever Pitch. From childhood Mets devotion to adult poker room baseball discussions, they explore how sports shape our social connections, teach us about loss, and hold the potential to become obsessions.The conversation weaves between personal fandom stories, the communal nature of sports culture, and the complex relationship between hope, disappointment, and identity that defines the fan experience.Key Questions We Explored:Why do sports serve as social lubricant? How knowing "what happened in the game last night" opens doors to conversations with strangers and provides safe topics with difficult relationshipsWhat happens when fandom conflicts with social identity? The tension between sports culture and alternative subcultures like goth/punk communities in the 1990sHow do we balance obsession with healthy relationships? The Fever Pitch protagonist's struggle to integrate his Arsen

Matthew and Riki dissect Netflix's You and how it exposes toxic rom-com masculinity. Joe Goldberg thinks he's the romantic hero, but his obsession with being the male protagonist leads to stalking, manipulation, and murder.How does You deconstruct rom-com mythology? The show reveals what happens when someone believes they're destined to "win" the girl through grand gestures and persistence, regardless of her actual feelings.Why do classic romantic comedies teach problematic lessons? From Say Anything to When Harry Met Sally..., 80s/90s rom-coms normalized stalking behaviors as romantic devotion.Does Joe's unreliable narration work as social commentary? We debate whether the show successfully critiques toxic masculinity or risks creating viewers who sympathize with his "romantic" motivations.Other topics: Serial killer vs. murderer definitions, the symbolism of Joe's book preservation room, Penn Badgley's performance balancing sympathy with horror, the way Joe constructs a dream version of his girlfriend in hi

This week Superhero Ethics dives deep into the "bury your gays" trope—where LGBTQ+ characters disproportionately meet tragic ends—examining its history, evolution, and modern implications, and whether it can be applied to the death of Cinta in Andor.The conversation begins with the trope's roots in 19th century British law and the Hays Code, which allowed "bad behavior" to be depicted on screen only if characters faced consequences. Tracing this trope from there all the way to the modern day, the episode explores how social media amplified fan outrage and created lasting change in how writers approach queer storylines.The hosts wrestle with whether Cinta's death in Andor constitutes “burying your gays,” given that many characters die in the show's realistic portrayal of rebellion. They examine how the lack of queer representation in the broader Star Wars franchise adds weight to this single relationship, and whether it's fair to hold individual creators responsible for franchise-wide representation gaps. The