Audiobook Door24 History

S02 EP07 Constitutional Convention II

28/11/2021 Duração: 02min

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S02 EP08 Constitutional Convention III

15/11/2021 Duração: 01min

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S02 EP06 Constitutional Convention I

01/11/2021 Duração: 02min

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S02 EP04 Washington Takes Command

10/10/2021 Duração: 02min

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S02 EP03 Concord and Lexington

03/10/2021 Duração: 05min

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S01 EP08 Constitutional Convention I

31/10/2020 Duração: 02min

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S01 EP07 Articles of Confederation

24/10/2020 Duração: 02min

In July 1776, the representatives of the Continental Congress voted for independence from Great Britain. To win a war against the most powerful country on earth was going to take more than a simple vote. Congress immediately went to work to create a national government to oversee the war. After several drafts and debates, in 1777 Congress approved John Dickinson’s Articles of Confederation. At this time, states thought of themselves as independent countries and many feared being tied to an all-powerful national government. Hence, it was not until 1781 that the last state ratified the Articles making it the official first government of the United States of America. The government consisted of a one-house congress where every state had one vote on all matters. Yet, the new government had too many weaknesses to be effective. There was no Supreme Court to settle disputes or a president to enforce the laws. Congress lacked the power to tax or force the states to pay for national expenses. States often ignored

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S01 EP06 Coercive Acts

18/10/2020 Duração: 02min

The American colonies rebelled against the Stamp Act and the Townshend Acts. Colonial patriots opposed taxes passed by members of Parliament who lived an ocean away. In 1770, friction between colonists and British soldiers culminated in the deaths of five people in the Boston Massacre. Then Parliament passed the Tea Act designed to give special tax-exempt status to the British East India Company to sell tea in the colonies that threatened to put many colonial merchants out of business. On December 16, 1773, members of the political action group Sons of Liberty boarded British ships in Boston Harbor and dumped British tea into the water. Parliament reacted swiftly by passing four acts or laws called the Coercive Acts designed to bring the colonies under control. The colonists referred to these acts as the Intolerable Acts. The Boston Port Act closed Boston Harbor permanently until Boston paid for the dumped tea. The Massachusetts Government Act increased the power of the new royal governor General Thomas Gag

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S01 EP05 Boston Massacre

11/10/2020 Duração: 03min

In March 1770, British soldiers fired into a crowd of colonists on the streets of Boston. Tensions had been rising for months. In 1767, Parliament passed the Townshend Acts that placed a duty on British imported glass, lead, paper, paint, and tea. Many colonists resented any tax passed by Parliament that circumvented the approval of the colonial legislatures. “No taxation without representation” became the rallying cry of Patriots who increasingly distanced themselves from British authority. When customs officials complained to Parliament of disorder and harassment in Boston, Massachusetts, Parliament reacted by sending 2,000 British soldiers into Boston to keep the peace. Rather than create order, the presence of the troops inflamed the situation. Clashes between colonists and soldiers increased. On March 5, 1770, soldier Hugh White stood guard at the Customs House on King Street. After White exchanged insults with teenager Edward Garrick, White hit Garrick with the butt of his musket. This incident attr

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S01 EP04 The Stamp Act

07/10/2020 Duração: 03min

In 1763, the French and Indian War came to an end. A nine year war that became the first global conflict in human history. As part of the peace treaty, France gave its territorial holdings in North America to Great Britain. Although the victor, Britain had amassed a huge debt to finance the war. Now, to ease its financial burden, Britain turned to its American colonies to finance the peace. In 1765, Parliament, the legislative body of the British Empire, passed the Stamp Act—a tax on most paper goods sold in the colonies. Newspapers, marriage licenses, playing cards, and anything else made of paper required a stamp be placed upon it showing that a tax had been paid to the British government. This was the first time that Britain had passed a tax directly on the colonies. For 150 years, colonies had created their own democratic governments and elected citizens to legislative assemblies that passed laws and taxes. The Stamp Act went into effect without any colonial voting for it. Hence, some colonials began

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S01 EP03 The Ohio Valley

20/09/2020 Duração: 03min

Between 1754 and 1763, the world saw its first global conflict known in America as the French and Indian War. France and Britain, mortal enemies, began fighting over the Ohio Valley—a vast area of land between the Mississippi River and the British held American colonies on the East Coast. Soon, Spain, Austria, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia entered the conflict. Fighting took place in North America, Europe, Africa, and Asia. By 1763, after suffering numerous losses, France gave in. Under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1763, France lost its North American possessions, including the Ohio Valley, to the British. However, Britain came out of the conflict financially drained. To win the war, Britain had borrowed huge sums of money and now was on the verge of bankruptcy. So it turned to its American colonies to finance the peace. The British Parliament passed tax after tax only to see the colonies reject each one with growing determination. In 1775, British soldiers and American colonists exchanged gunfire at

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S01 EP02 Salem

13/09/2020 Duração: 03min

Witch hysteria began in Europe in the 1300s. In 1484, Pope Innocent VIII issued a papal bull or order that directly involved the Catholic Church in the hunt for witches to protect society and the Church. In 1487, two monks wrote a book called the Malleus Maleficarum (mal ee us | ma lef uh kair em) or the Hammer of Witches. The authors argued that witchcraft was real, not superstition. They gave details on how to identify, capture, and punish witches. Witch hunts led to the arrest, torture, and execution of tens of thousands of people until the end of the 17th century. In 1692, the people of Salem, Massachusetts, were suffering. They had endured a smallpox epidemic, lived in constant fear of American Indian attacks, and were splitting apart over the proposed building of a new church. In this atmosphere of uncertainty, two Puritan girls played a forbidden fortune telling game. Perhaps afraid of what they saw or some other psychological ailment, the girls began displaying fits and convulsions and claimed the s

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S01 EP01 Magna Carta

24/08/2020 Duração: 02min

How did democracy find its way to America? In 48 BCE, Julius Caesar was the last Roman leader alive after a tumultuous civil war. For most historians, this was the end of the Roman Republic and democracy in the ancient world. For the next several hundred years, Rome would be ruled by a series of emperors before Rome too would collapse ushering in centuries of uncertainty as states rose and fell over the centuries across Europe. On an island off the coast of France that the Romans called Britannia Maximus or Great Britain, a king was stirring up trouble among his people. King John Plantagenet took the English throne in the year 1199. Like the emperors of Rome, King John had absolute power. He did what he pleased, jailed people who disagreed with him, and raised taxes to fight a war against the French. After several years of fighting, France threw the English off the European continent. The English landowning barons who saw most of their wealth taken and wasted by King John raised an army of two thousand

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