The New Stack Makers

In an interview at JupyterCon, Brian Granger — co-creator of Project Jupyter and senior principal technologist at AWS — reflected on Jupyter’s evolution and how AI is redefining open source sustainability. Originally inspired by physics’ modular principles, Granger and co-founder Fernando Pérez designed Jupyter with flexible, extensible components like the notebook format and kernel message protocol. This architecture has endured as the ecosystem expanded from data science into AI and machine learning. Now, AI is accelerating development itself: Granger described rewriting Jupyter Server in Go, complete with tests, in just 30 minutes using an AI coding agent — a task once considered impossible. This shift challenges traditional notions of technical debt and could reshape how large open source projects evolve. Jupyter’s 2017 ACM Software System Award placed it among computing’s greats, but also underscored its global responsibility. Granger emphasized that sustaining Jupyter’s mission — empowering human reason