Collège De France (général)

Denis DubouleChaire Évolution du développement et des génomesCollège de FranceAnnée 2025-2026Nos ancêtres les poissonsConférence - Neil Shubin : Discovering How Fish Evolved to WalkNeil ShubinUniversité de Chicago, Président élu de l'Académie nationale des sciences (NAS), États-UnisRésuméThe ability to walk is fundamental to human lives. Like all our biological features walking has a complex and deep history. It is most commonly thought that walking arose as fish made the evolutionary transition to land, shifting from an aquatic environment to a terrestrial one. In this view, the transition out of water meant that animals now had to evolve new mechanisms to deal with gravitational loads. As a consequence, they developed more mobile joints, arm and leg bones with robust connections for expanded locomotory muscles, and other structures to allow them to move about. Surprising, this very intuitive view is not supported either by comparative anatomy or the fossil record. The closest fish relatives to terrestrial v