Emergency Medical Minute

Contributor: Alec Coston MD Educational Pearls: Causes of seizures in a fairly well-appearing child with diarrhea: Electrolyte abnormalities: hypocalcemia, hyponatremia Also hyperkalemia which causes arrhythmias and syncope - can appear like seizures Hypoglycemia If the child has diarrhea and appears very sick, differential diagnosis may include: Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS): simultaneous occurrence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury Typically caused by Shiga-like toxin producing Escherichia coli (also known as EHEC, or enterohemorragic E. coli) One of the main causes of acute kidney injury in children Toxic ingestions such as salicylates, lead, or iron In this case, the child had a seizure but appeared well and was afebrile: Consult with neurology led to a diagnosis of benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) First identified in 1982 in Japan Viral gastroenteritis with diarrhea and convulsions but does not include